2025John Locke約翰洛克論文大賽題目！附培訓(xùn)課程

Junior Prize 題目

Q1. Your citizenship at birth was chosen for you. Which citizenship would you have chosen?
你的出生公民身份是被決定的。如果可以選擇，你會(huì)選擇哪國(guó)國(guó)籍？

Q2. Do you benefit more from your own freedom of speech or from other people’s?
你從自己的言論自由中獲益更多，還是從他人的言論自由中獲益更多？

Q3. Who is more powerful - Donald Trump or Elon Musk?
誰更有權(quán)力——特朗普還是埃隆·馬斯克？

Q4. Since 1920, twenty-one presidents and prime ministers from nine countries have been graduates of Philosophy, Politics & Economics (PPE) at Oxford. Would it have been better if they had studied history?

自1920年以來，來自9個(gè)國(guó)家的21位總統(tǒng)和首相都是牛津大學(xué)哲學(xué)、政治與經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)（PPE）專業(yè)的畢業(yè)生。如果他們學(xué)的是歷史，會(huì)不會(huì)更好？

Q5. What is your fair share of what someone else has earned?
你應(yīng)該在他人所得中分得多少才算“公平”？

Q6. Why do you continue to use your smartphone more than is good for you?
為什么你總是忍不住使用手機(jī)，哪怕你知道這對(duì)自己不好？

Q7. Why do people become more boring as they grow up and grow older?
為什么人們隨著年齡增長(zhǎng)，變得越來越無聊？

哲學(xué)題目 Philosophy

Q1. What moral obligations do we owe to living persons that we do not owe to future persons? What are the implications of your answer for policy-making?
我們對(duì)在世之人的道德義務(wù)與對(duì)未來之人的道德義務(wù)有何不同？你的答案對(duì)政策制定有哪些影響？

Q2. Should we treat non-human animals well because they have rights, interests, neither, or both?
我們應(yīng)該善待非人類動(dòng)物，是因?yàn)樗鼈儞碛袡?quán)利、利益，抑或兩者皆無或兼有？

Q3. "When civilians are the main target, there's no need to consider the cause. That's terrorism; it's evil." Is this correct?
“當(dāng)平民成為主要攻擊目標(biāo)時(shí)，動(dòng)機(jī)已不重要。這就是恐怖主義，它是邪惡的。” 這句話正確嗎？

政治題目 Politics

Q1. Should politicians ever be punished for lying?
政客是否應(yīng)因撒謊而受到懲罰？

Q2. David Hume celebrated the wisdom of "unlettered men". In a democracy, do the votes of the unlettered tend to protect a country against the bad ideas of the lettered or do the votes of the lettered tend to protect a country against the bad ideas of the unlettered?
大衛(wèi)·休謨推崇“未受教育者的智慧”。在民主制度下，是未受教育者的選票能保護(hù)國(guó)家免受受教育者的錯(cuò)誤思想影響，還是受教育者的選票能保護(hù)國(guó)家免受未受教育者的錯(cuò)誤思想影響？

Q3. Diversity is fashionable, but is it valuable?
多元化是一種流行趨勢(shì)，但它是否真正有價(jià)值？

經(jīng)濟(jì)題目 Economics

Q1. What kinds of behaviour are engendered by the hope of profit? Is such behaviour better or worse, on balance, than the behaviour we should expect if all enterprises were owned by charities or governments?
對(duì)利潤(rùn)的追求會(huì)催生何種行為？綜合來看，這種行為相比于所有企業(yè)都由慈善機(jī)構(gòu)或政府擁有時(shí)的行為，是更好還是更糟？

Q2. What will be the effect on socio-economic mobility of the UK government's plan to impose value added tax on school fees?
英國(guó)政府計(jì)劃對(duì)私立學(xué)校學(xué)費(fèi)征收增值稅，這將對(duì)社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)流動(dòng)性產(chǎn)生怎樣的影響？

Q3. Should Oxford lower its admissions standards for the sons and daughters of generous benefactors?
牛津大學(xué)是否應(yīng)該降低對(duì)慷慨捐贈(zèng)者子女的錄取標(biāo)準(zhǔn)？

歷史題目 History

Q1. According to Bertrand Russell, "Hitler is an outcome of Rousseau; Roosevelt and Churchill of Locke." To what extent was he correct?
伯特蘭·羅素曾說：“希特勒是盧梭的產(chǎn)物，而羅斯福和丘吉爾是洛克的產(chǎn)物。” 這一觀點(diǎn)在多大程度上是正確的？

Q2. Should anyone be ashamed of their nation's history? Should anyone be proud of it?
一個(gè)人應(yīng)該為自己的國(guó)家歷史感到羞恥嗎？一個(gè)人應(yīng)該為自己的國(guó)家歷史感到自豪嗎？

Q3. Which figure in history did most to enlarge human freedom?
歷史上哪位人物對(duì)擴(kuò)大人類自由的貢獻(xiàn)最大？

法學(xué)題目 Law

Q1. What injury should one person be permitted to inflict on another in the defence of private property?
在保護(hù)私人財(cái)產(chǎn)時(shí)，一個(gè)人應(yīng)被允許對(duì)他人造成何種程度的傷害？

Q2. “Use every man after his desert, and who should ’scape whipping?” Should the law treat offenders better than they deserve?
“如果人人都按其罪行受罰，還有誰能逃脫鞭笞？” 法律是否應(yīng)當(dāng)對(duì)犯罪者比他們應(yīng)得的待遇更寬容？

Q3. Is Vladimir Putin a war criminal?
弗拉基米爾·普京是戰(zhàn)犯嗎？

心理學(xué)題目 Psychology

Q1. Is objectivity all in the mind?
客觀性是否完全是主觀意識(shí)的產(chǎn)物？

Q2. Eleanor Roosevelt declared, "No one can make you feel inferior without your consent." Is she right?
埃莉諾·羅斯福曾說：“未經(jīng)你的同意，沒人能讓你自覺低人一等。” 她的觀點(diǎn)正確嗎？

Q3. What is self-deceit?
什么是自欺？

神學(xué)題目 Theology

Q1. Is atheism implausible?
無神論站不住腳嗎？

Q2. Why would the creator of a trillion galaxies become angry if you have sex with your boyfriend or eat bacon for breakfast?
如果宇宙的創(chuàng)造者掌管著上萬億個(gè)星系，為什么他會(huì)因?yàn)槟愫湍杏寻l(fā)生關(guān)系或早餐吃培根而憤怒？

Q3. Why pray?
為什么要禱告？

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